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Mathematics Formula for Class XII CBSE: A Complete Guide for Students

Nathan Reed

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Mathematics is an essential subject for students of all ages, and Class XII CBSE students are no exception. In order to excel in mathematics, it is important to have a strong understanding of the basic concepts and formulas. This article provides a comprehensive list of all the essential mathematics formulas for Class XII CBSE students, covering everything from algebra to calculus, geometry to trigonometry.

Mathematics Formula For Class XII (CBSE)

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Algebra

Linear equations in one variable: ax + b = 0
Linear equations in two variables: ax + by = c
Quadratic equations: ax^2 + bx + c = 0
Polynomials: f(x) = a_nx^n + a_{n-1}x^{n-1}+ ... + a_1x + a_0
Binomial theorem: (a + b)^n = a^n + nC_1a^{n-1}b + nC_2a^{n-2}b^2 + ... + b^n
Logarithms: log_a(x) = y
Exponential functions: y = a^x

Calculus

Limits: lim_{x->a}f(x) = L
Derivatives: f'(x) = lim_{h->0}[f(x + h) - f(x)] / h
Integrals: ∫f(x) dx = F(x) + C
Product rule: (f(x)g(x))' = f'(x)g(x) + f(x)g'(x)
Quotient rule: (f(x)/g(x))' = [f'(x)g(x) - f(x)g'(x)] / [g(x)]^2
Chain rule: (f(g(x)))' = f'(g(x))g'(x)

Geometry

Area of a triangle: A = ½bh
Area of a circle: A = πr^2
Volume of a sphere: V = (4/3)πr^3
Pythagorean theorem: a^2 + b^2 = c^2
Sine rule: a/sinA = b/sinB = c/sinC
Cosine rule: c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2abcosC

Trigonometry

Sine function: sinθ = opposite/hypotenuse
Cosine function: cosθ = adjacent/hypotenuse
Tangent function: tanθ = opposite/adjacent
Pythagorean identity: sin^2θ + cos^2θ = 1
Double-angle formulas: sin2θ = 2sinθcosθ, cos2θ = cos^2θ - sin^2θ, tan2θ = 2tanθ/(1 - tan^2θ)
Half-angle formulas: sin(θ/2) = ±√[(1 - cosθ)/2], cos(θ/2) = ±√[(1 + cosθ)/2], tan(θ/2) = ±√[(1 - cosθ)/(1 + cosθ)]

These are just a few of the essential mathematics formulas that Class XII CBSE students need to know. By studying these formulas and practicing them regularly, students can improve their understanding of mathematics and prepare for their board exams and beyond.